The Latest Advances in Menopause Treatments

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Updates

One of the most commonly suggested ways to handle your menstrual symptoms is hormone replacement therapy. Hormone replacement therapy is a method in which medications that contain female hormones are administered to your body. Hormone therapy is most often used to treat common menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes and vaginal discomfort.

a) Advancements in Hormone Formulations

Modern HRT now includes newer formulations that are more effective with efficient delivery methods, such as patches, gels, IUDs and sprays. They maintain a steady hormone level in your body and have very minimal side effects.

b) Bioidentical Hormones

Bioidentical hormone therapy includes using hormones that are chemically identical to the ones that your body naturally produces. Traditional HRT can increase the chances of certain risks and has many side effects if not followed properly. On the other hand, bioidentical hormones are safer and a more personalised alternative.

c) Personalised Treatment Plans

HRT can be customised to fit your needs based on genetic and lifestyle factors. A conversation with your healthcare provider can help you create a customised personal treatment plan.

Non-Hormonal Medication Options

There are also several  non-hormonal medication options for women who do not wish to go for HRT or are contraindicated to it.

a) Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)

Medications like ospemifene have been developed to mimic the effects of estrogen in certain tissues, such as the vaginal lining, helping with symptoms like vaginal dryness without using systemic hormones.

b) Antidepressants and SSRIs: 

Selective serotonin receptor inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of antidepressants that are used most commonly for treating hot flashes. This medication has been used for many years for treating depression, but it can be taken at a lower dose for vasomotor symptoms, especially hot flashes.

Also, low-dose antidepressants like sertraline and fluoxetine are used to manage your hot flashes and mood swings. These medications can also aid in alleviating anxiety and depression associated with menopause.

c) Gabapentin

Gabapentin is a medication that was developed to treat seizures. It also relieves hot flashes in some people. It may be taken as a single bedtime dose or can also be taken during the daytime. It is especially beneficial for those who cannot or choose not to take estrogen.

Lifestyle-Based Treatments and Alternative Therapies

It is important to make necessary changes in your lifestyle to maintain a proper balance in your hormones and your overall health, especially during menopause.

a) Dietary Adjustments

Some changes you can make easily in your diet are as follows:

• Add foods that are rich in phytoestrogens, like soy, flaxseeds, and lentils, to your diet. They are known to balance your hormones naturally.
• Omega-3 fatty acids are found in fish and flaxseed oil. It is known to support hormone regulation in your body.

b) Exercise and Physical Activity

Exercise and physical activity help to keep your body healthy. Regular physical activity and exercise reduce the severity of your menopause symptoms, such as mood swings, fatigue, and hot flashes. Strength training also boosts your bone health, which tends to deteriorate during menopause.

c) Mind-Body Techniques

Stress and imbalance in your mind can also disrupt your hormones. Mind-body techniques like yoga, tai chi, and meditation are effective in managing your stress and improving sleep quality, which can reduce the intensity of your menopause symptoms. These techniques relieve stress and help to calm your mind.

Emerging and Experimental Treatments

Along with the different techniques, treatments, and remedies for menopause, we have seen, as of now, many new emerging and experimental treatments. Some of them are:

a) New Hormonal Therapies

Research is going on for a combination of different hormones and delivery mechanisms to create safer and more effective HRT options. For instance, combining estradiol with micronised progesterone is showing promise for reducing side effects. This can occur, as other methods tend to thicken your uterine lining, whereas this medication doesn’t do so.

b) Genetic and Personalised Medicine

Advancements in genetics and pharmacogenomics are creating new solutions for managing menopause effectively and easily. It creates new paths for personalised treatment plans that consider your genetic profile before starting treatment. This reduces the chances of side effects.

c) Non-Pharmaceutical Solutions:

With newer technologies, it is now not necessary to rely on medications and treatments for relief. With newer methods, devices can be used that apply low-intensity electromagnetic waves to improve your vaginal health and reduce symptoms like dryness and pain during intercourse.

Natural Supplements and Herbal Remedies

Currently, many products and supplements are available to support you during your menopause journey.

a) Black Cohosh and Red Clover

Black cohosh and red clover are popular among women looking for alternative therapies for the management of menopausal symptoms. 

• The roots of black cohosh have been used traditionally by Native Americans for a variety of complaints, and black cohosh has also been used as a treatment for menopausal disorders in Germany. 
• Because the aerial parts of red clover are rich in estrogenic isoflavones, many women have also been using red clover products for the management of vasomotor symptoms related to menopause.
• Some recent studies show that both of these may be effective, but their safety and efficacy are still under investigation.

b) Melatonin and Sleep Aids

Insomnia is a major complaint among menopausal and postmenopausal women due to decreased levels of estrogen and melatonin. As you approach menopause, the levels of estrogen sharply decrease.

• Melatonin supplements can help address your menopause-related sleep disturbances. However, it’s essential to consult a doctor for safe usage and dosage.
• A fixed wake cycle with adequate sleep hours is necessary to improve sleep quality in postmenopausal women. Women treated with melatonin report a considerable improvement in mood and sleep.

Some tips for better sleep are:

1. Before an hour of your bedtime, dim the lights and stay away from any kind of electronics including cell phones, TVs, and laptops.
2. You can read a book or listen to some soothing music.
3. Practice some deep breathing to calm and relax your mind. 

c) Vitamin D and Calcium

As a result of ovarian failure, estrogen declines in menopausal women, leading to many menstrual symptoms like hot flushes and night sweats, sleep disturbances, loss of libido, and long-term increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. 

• Estrogen therapy is an important option for menopausal women.
• Supplements such as vitamin D and calcium are essential during menopause to support bone health and prevent osteoporosis. They can be taken in combination with weight-bearing exercises for optimal bone health.

New Technologies in Menopause Management

Recent advancements in technology have made it possible to keep track of your cycle, symptoms and numerous other things. This helps you detect any changes or abnormalities earlier and take measures for them.

a) Wearable Devices

Wearable devices monitor body temperature, sleep patterns, and physical activity. These devices help to monitor your symptoms and plan effective treatments with your healthcare provider.

b) Telehealth Services

There has been a rapid increase in telehealth services lately. These services allow you to connect and consult with doctors, consultants, and specialists based anywhere in the comfort of your home, which is especially useful for discussing sensitive topics like menopause. It is highly recommended if you are a working professional, as it will help you cut down travelling and waiting time.

When to Seek Professional Guidance

Menopause is a natural process and generally causes mild to moderate symptoms. However, if your symptoms are affecting your daily life, you should seek professional guidance.

1. Severe or Persistent Symptoms
If you experience severe or extreme menopausal symptoms like sleep disturbances and mood swings that disrupt your daily activities, it's time to seek help.

2. Mental Health Concerns
Menopausal changes can also cause anxiety, depression, mood swings, and brain fog.  If you feel overwhhelmed with these changes, then you must consult an expert to explore treatments like therapy and medications.

3. Unexplained Weight Gain or Fatigue
Menopause-related hormonal changes can lead to weight gain and low energy. This is normal and understandable. But, if you feel more fatigued to the extent that it seems impossible to get out of bed every day, then you may need to find the underlying causes. The causes can be thyroid imbalances or metabolic conditions.

4. Vaginal Dryness and Discomfort
Vaginal dryness is common during menopause, but it this is persistent and to the extent that it causes pain and itching, then you can go for vaginal estrogen, lubricants, or non-hormonal therapies to restore comfort.

5. Osteoporosis and Bone Health Risks
Menopause increases the risk of osteoporosis due to declining estrogen levels. If you have a family history of osteoporosis or fractures, you must take enough care to avoid fractures and bone loss. This can be taking measures like consuming calcium and vitamin D supplements. 

6. Irregular or Heavy Bleeding
Bleeding irregularities can happen during menopause. However, any heavy post-menopause bleeding can be caused by conditions like fibroids, polyps, or endometrial hyperplasia. 

7. Cardiovascular Symptoms
If you experience heart palpitations, chest discomfort, or high blood pressure, then it can be a sign of cardiovascular conditions. Consult a healthcare professional for proper assessment and preventive care.

8. Considering Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
HRT is a common treatment pathway that every woman takes once menopause hits. But, this is not an over-the counter therapy. You must take proper medical advice to fix your dosage and type of therapy before you start with it.

9. Concerns About Alternative Treatments
If you’re exploring herbal remedies, supplements, or other natural approaches, seeking professional advice ensures they are safe, effective, and won’t interfere with any existing conditions or medications.

Wrapping Up

The different methods of menopause management, remedies, and treatments have evolved over the years, providing you with a wide range of options. Options like advanced hormone therapies, non-hormonal medications, lifestyle adjustments, or natural remedies are available in the market. There are now more choices than ever before to help you go through your menopause comfortably. Consulting with a healthcare provider is key to understanding your symptoms and the ways in which you can handle them. You can contact our Nirva team of healthcare experts for more information on this or personalised guidance.